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CompTIA A+ Certification

Motherboard Form Factors

Which of the following BEST describes the difference between the "baby" AT and
ATX motherboards?

A. The "baby" AT motherboard allows for the installation of more than two full-length
expansion cards whereas the ATX motherboard allows for only one or two.
B. The processor, memory, and expansion slots are all in line with each other on a "baby"
AT motherboard, whereas the ATX motherboard has the processor and memory slots at
right angles to the expansion cards.
C. The ATX motherboard allows for the installation of more than two full-length
expansion cards, whereas the "baby" AT allows for only one or two.
D. The "baby" AT motherboard has a 20-pin power connector while the ATX has a
12-pin power connector.

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Answer: B, C

Explanation:
On the AT motherboards the processor, memory, and expansion slots are all in line with
each other. Because the processor and memory were in line with the expansion slots, only
one or two full-length cards could be used. Also, the processor was far from the power
supply's cooling fan and would therefore tend to overheat unless a heat sink or processor
fan was directly attached to it. To overcome the limitations of the "baby" AT design, the
ATX motherboard was designed. The ATX has the processor and memory slots at right
angles to the expansion cards. This puts the processor and memory in line with the fan
output of the power supply, allowing the processor to run cooler. And, because those
components are not in line with the expansion cards, you can install full-length expansion
cards in an ATX motherboard machine.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Because the processor and memory were in line with the expansion slots, only one or
two full-length cards could be used. Also, the processor was far from the power supply's
cooling fan and would therefore tend to overheat unless a heat sink or processor fan was
directly attached to it.
D: The ATX motherboard has a 20-pin power connector that accepts a single power
connector while the AT motherboard has a 12-pin power connector for the P8 and P9
connectors.
Reference:
David Groth and Dan Newland, A+ Complete Study Guide (2nd Edition), Sybex,
Alameda, CA, 2001, p. 61